Report on the Follow-up Baseline Study on Integrating Human Rights and Gender Equality into the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy

This report assesses the progress made five years after the first ever baseline study on integrating human rights and gender equality into the European Union’s CSDP. Its purpose is to provide data to inform missions' and operations’ planning and review processes.

The analysis is built on a methodology that differentiates internal human rights and gender mainstreaming (related to the organisation of the mission/operation) from external mainstreaming (related to the activities of the mission/operation).

The report notes significant progress in the internal institutionalisation of human rights and gender mainstreaming in CSDP missions and operations. This is the result of increased resources and capacity, as recommended in the first baseline study. 

The recommendations of the follow-up baseline study focus on the external aspects of human rights and gender mainstreaming and call for stronger engagement in thematic areas such as sexual and gender-based violence, human rights due diligence, children and armed conflict, international humanitarian law and the protection of civilians.

Finally, the promotion of gender equality and the participation of women in the context of CSDP missions and operations continues to deserve full attention. Consequently, the report recommends carrying out regularly context-specific gender analyses and improving “leading by example” by increasing the representation of women in missions and operations and rooting gender-responsive leadership style.

Reference: European External Action Service (EEAS), 2022. Report on the Follow-up Baseline Study on Integrating Human Rights and Gender Equality into the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy.

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